Linux Terminal Commands

File Permissions

• chmod 777 – read, write, execute for all 

• chmod 755 – rwx for owner, rx for group and world 

File Commands 

• ls -al – Formatted listing with hidden files 

• mkdir dir – Create a directory dir 

• rm name – Remove a file or directory called name 

• rm -rf dir – Force remove an entire directory dir and all it’s included files and subdirectories (use with extreme caution) 

• cp -r dir1 dir2 – Copy dir1 to dir2; create dir2 if it doesn't exist 

• cp file /home/dirname – Copy the filename called file to the /home/dirname directory 

• scp -p 22 file user@host.com:/home/ - Secure Copy file to host.com /home directory as user through port 22 

• mv file /home/dirname – Move the file called filename to the /home/dirname directory 

• ln -s file link – Create symbolic link link to file 

• cat originFile > targetFile – Places standard input into new file (not work on ssh) 
• cat originFile >> targetFile - add string to file

Compression

• tar xzf file.tar.gz – Extract a tar using Gzip 

Network

• wget -c file – Continue a stopped download 

SSH

• ssh user@host – Connect to host as user 

User Administration

• adduser accountname – Create a new user call accountname 

Process Management

• ps – Display your currently active processes 

• kill pid – Kill process id pid 

Stopping & Starting

• halt – Stop all processes - same as above 

• reboot – Stop all processes and then reboot - same as above 

• shutdown -r 5 – Shutdown the system in 5 minutes and reboot 

systemd

• systemctl start servicename - start servicename service 

• systemctl enable servicename - registration service 

• systemctl status servicename - show service status 

http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/244